ABSTRACT
Dolomiaea plants are perennial herbs in the Asteraceae family with a long medicinal history. They are rich in chemical constituents, mainly including sesquiterpenes, phenylpropanoids, triterpenes, and steroids. The extracts and chemical constituents of Dolomiaea plants have various pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antitumor, anti-gastric ulcer, hepatoprotective and choleretic effects. However, there are few reports on Dolomiaea plants. This study systematically reviewed the research progress on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Dolomiaea plants to provide references for the further development and research of Dolomiaea plants.
Subject(s)
Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Asteraceae , Triterpenes , Sesquiterpenes/pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Phytochemicals/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effective substance of the choleretic effect of Gardeniae Fructus，and analyze the relationships between its choleretic effect and the HPLC fingerprint chromatogram. Method:HPLC method was applied to establish the fingerprint chromatography of 8 batches of Gardeniae Fructus at different harvest periods. The flow，the content of bile acid，bilirubin and cholesterol in bile were tested，and then the principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the total choleretic effects of Gardeniae Fructus. After the relationships between the relative peak area of the common peaks and the choleretic effects were explored using grey relationship analysis method，the spectrum-effect relationship of Gardeniae Fructus was established. Result:The order of the contribution of the chemical components to the choleretic effect at the common peaks was as follow（r>0.8）：P9>P14>P26>P4>P30>P6>P1>P10>P5>P24. Among all peaks，the full wavelength scanning results implied that the peaks 9，14 and 4 might be iridoids, and the peaks 26，30 and 24 might be crocins. By comparing with the standard substances，the peak 9 was finally identified as geniposide. Conclusion:The choleretic effect of Gardeniae Fructus may be the results of multiple components and pathways，and the main components in Gardeniae Fructus with the choleretic effect was from geniposide. In conclusion，these results provide a reference for investigating the material basis of choleretic effect of Gardeniae Fructus.
ABSTRACT
The pharmacologic action of Atractylodis Rhizoma and its effective constituents in digestive system includes mainly anti-ulcer activity,acceleration of gastric emptying,regulation of gastrointestinal propellant movement,antidiarrheat effect,choleretic effect,hepatoprotection,and promotion of digestive and absorptive function.Atractylodis Rhizoma decreases gastric acid secretion via blockade of H2-receptor,and inhibits overexpression of inflammatory cytokines in gastric tissues to produce anti-ulcer effect.Atractylodis Rhizoma increases gastric mucosal blood flow,and improves growth and reparation of gastric mucosa to produce anti-ulcer effect by blockade of 5-TH receptor,and elevating levels of gastrin and trefoil factor in serum and gastric tissues.Atractylodis Rhizoma accelerating gastric emptying and gastrointestinal propellant movement is relative to decreasing release of central corticotropin-releasing factor,and stimulating vagal nerve,and promoting secretion of gastrin and motilin,and inhibiting secretion of vasoactive intestinal peptide,and blocking 5-HT-3receptor,and increasing amount of interstitial cell of Cajal.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the effects and mechanism of p-hydroxyacetophenone (PHA ) on bile secretion ,choles-terol metabolism and blood lipids .Methods Cystic duct cannula was cannulated and bile were collected in SD rats .PHA was administrated in the high cholesterol rats .The activity of HMG-CoA reductase was determined by spectrophotometry in reac-tion system .Samples of liver were obtained in experiment hypercholesterolemia rats and Real-time PCR test was conducted for AQP8 ,CYP7A1 ,OATP and NTCP .Results Secretion of bile were increased ,cholesterol in bile were reduced and secretion of total bile acid were increased in rats by PHA .The level of serum cholesterol in hyperglycemia rat model was reduced signifi-cantly and inhibitory ability had been limited in the activity of HMG-CoA reeducates by PHA ,but the gene transcription inclu-ding AQP8 ,CYP7A1 ,OATP ,and NTCP were promoted ,which are related to function of excretion of biliary acid and trans-formation of cholesterol .Conclusion These results suggest that PHA ,as a lead compound ,might be of significance for fur-ther development for a bile secretory and lipid lowering agent .
ABSTRACT
Choleretic activity of Calendula officinalis extract and its butanol fraction was studied and the results are presented in the given paper. It has been established that the choleretic effect of the extract from this plant is due to biologically active substances predominantly contained in its butanol fraction.Key words: extract of Calendula officinalis, butanol fraction, choleretic effect.Introduction The use of medicinal plants both wild-growing and cultivated ones for the correction of impaired functions of the human body remains topical. The plants are the optimal source of cholagogues as they are harmless or low-toxic and have no side effects in long-term use [1]. Particularly, Calendula officinalis L. (Compositae) is of great interest. It is an annual grassy plant cultivated in many regions of Russia.The aim of the present work was to determine choleretic activity of the extract from Calendula officinalis and its butanol fraction.Materials and methodsThe dry extract was derived from Calendula flowers by extraction with 60% alcohol. The study of butanol fraction (BF) composition of the given extract was carried out with the use of microcolumn RP-HPLC-UV [2, 3]. The obtained fraction yield was 35-40% of the total dry extract mass.Experiments were carried out on white male Wistar rats weighing 170-200g. The bile was obtained from rats under thiopental sodium narcosis in accordance with the standard method (40 mg/kg of the weight, intraperitoneally). The bile was collected every hour for 4 hours. The power of choleretic activity of the obtained extract was estimated according to the secretion rate and total amount of the bile secreted as well as according to the content of the main ingredients in the bile, namely bilirubin [4], bile acids and officinalis was introduced into duodenum of experimental animals at three doses: 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of the rat weight and the butanol fraction – at the dose of 50 mg/kg. The animals of the control group received purified water in the same volume. The significance of differences between parameters across the groups was estimated with the use of U distribution-free test by Mann-Whitney.ResultsThe data obtained are given in Table 1-2. The introduction of the Calendula dry extract to the rats at the dose of 50 mg/kg increases the bile secretion rate by 16% and in the next hours of the experiment – by 37.5 and 44%. The increase of the dose up to 100 mg/kg induced more marked stimulation of choleretic reaction in rats. The bile secretion rate increased by 28, 35 and 44% in 2-4 hours of the experiment respectively followed by the 35% increase of the total volume of secreted bile. When the extract was administered at the dose of 200 mg/kg the bile secretion rate exceeded the control data by 33 and 36%. Under the influence of the Calendula extract the choleretic reaction lasted during the whole period of the experiment. Besides, the Calendula extract at the given doses influenced the stimulation of synthesis and excretion of cholates with bile that was more marked at the dose of 100 mg/kg. The introduction of the butanol fraction in the given dose increased the bile secretion rate by 27, 47 and 44% respectively in 1-3 hours after the administration; the total volume of secreted bile was 39% increased. The sum concentration of bile acids in the bile exceeded this index in rats of the control group by 16%. The cholesterol content in the bile exceeded the given index in animals of the control group by 55%.
ABSTRACT
The aqueous extract of the aerial parts of Lippia integrifolia has been assayed for its choleretic and antispasmodic effects. Doses of 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg administered orally in rats significantly increased the bile flow and the bile acid output. The extract also showed a significant reduction of the contractions induced by acetylcholine, CaCl2 and KCl on isolated rat jejunum. The total caffeoyl quinic acids derivatives content, expressed as chlorogenic acid was 0.10 percent w/v by spectrophotometric determination.
O extrato aquoso das partes aéreas de Lippia integrifolia foi ensaiado quanto aos seus efeitos colerético e antiespasmódico. Doses de 250, 500 e 750 mg/kg administradas oralmente em ratos aumentaram significativamente o fluxo biliar e a saída de ácidos biliares. O extrato também exibiu uma significativa redução das contrações induzidas por acetilcolina, CaCl2 e KCl em jejuno isolado de rato. O conteúdo total de derivados dos ácidos cafeoilquínicos, expressado como ácido clorogênico foi de 0.10 por cento w/v através de determinação espectrofotométrica.